There are currently two types of Earth observation satellites in use: optical satellites and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) satellites.

SAR satellites, unlike optical ones, utilize radar technology, enabling them to acquire detailed information about the Earth's surface regardless of day, night, or weather conditions.

SAR, with its unique capabilities, holds great potential for various applications. For instance, in the event of disasters such as floods, earthquakes, or volcanic eruptions, optical satellites may be hindered from observations by cloud cover, whereas SAR can overcome such obstacles and provide an accurate assessment of the damage.

Moreover, by employing interferometric analysis, SAR can detect subtle surface movements. This capability allows for monitoring extensive infrastructures such as slopes, roads and facilities, providing crucial information for disaster prevention and mitigation strategies.